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Pez cebra (Danio rerio) y su aplicación como modelo de investigación para el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad TDAH

dc.contributor.advisorSánchez Mora, Ruth Mélida
dc.contributor.authorSilvestre Lagos, Karoll Astrid
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-03T21:23:07Z
dc.date.available2022-10-03T21:23:07Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicolmayor.edu.co/handle/unicolmayor/5677
dc.description.abstractEl trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH), es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo de inicio en la niñez, el cual afecta alrededor del 5% de los niños en todo el mundo, además presenta tres síntomas que son hiperactividad, impulsividad y déficit de atención; en cuanto a sus causas se han identificado factores neurobiológicos, ambientales y genéticos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar el Pez cebra como modelo de investigación para el estudio de TDAH, ya que este modelo biológico presenta genes ortólogos con el humano de importancia clínica en el TDAH, estos genes se clasifican según las tres hipótesis relacionadas con esta patología, que son la hipótesis dopaminérgica, serotoninérgica y noradrenérgica. Ahora bien la mutaciones en estos genes generan en el Pez cebra comportamientos similares a los vistos en el humano, y esto se determina por medio de distintos ensayos, como lo son el ensayo de locomoción, ensayo de campo abierto y ensayo de Tarea de tiempo de reacción en serie de 5 repeticiones (5-C5RTT), que junto a herramientas genéticas permitieron determinar la acción de fármacos agonistas y antagonistas de receptores D1 y D2 en la hiperactividad del Pez morfante para el gen lphn3.1, cuya mutación permite evaluar el comportamiento del Pez cebra tras la sensibilización de sus receptores. Por último el metabolito aurículasina, una isoflavona extraída de las raíces de Flemingia filiphinensis, reflejó un buen índice terapéutico al aumentar los niveles de DA y así lograr disminuir la hiperactividad ocasionada por la mutación del gen Period1b en el Pez cebraeng
dc.description.tableofcontentsTABLA DE CONTENIDO Introducción .... 9 1. Antecedentes....... 10 2. Marco teórico ...... 13 2.1 Trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH). 13 2.1.1 Diagnóstico del TDAH....... 14 2.1.2 Tratamiento....... 14 2.1.3 Etiología del TDAH. 15 2.2 Pez cebra (Danio rerio). 23 2.2.1 Características neuroanatómicas del pez cebra..... 24 2.2.2 Desarrollo del SNC en el pez cebra .... 24 2.2.3 Etapas de desarrollo del pez cebra 26 2.2.4 Principales Ventajas y limitaciones del modelo del pez cebra 26 3. Aproximación al diseño metodológico ........ 27 3.1 Tipo de investigación.... 27 3.2 Alcance de la investigación ..... 27 3.3 Procedimiento, técnica o método.......... 27 4. Resultados.......... 28 4.1 Genes ortólogos del pez cebra e hipótesis del TDAH... 29 4.1.1 Hipótesis dopaminérgica... 32 4.1.2 Hipótesis noradrenérgica .. 33 4.1.3 Hipótesis serotoninergica.. 33 4.2 Ensayos para determinar fenotipos del TDAH en el Pez cebra..... 34 4.2.1 Ensayo de locomoción ...... 34 4.2.2 Ensayo de campo abierto.. 35 4.2.3 Tarea de tiempo de reacción en serie de 5 repeticiones (5-C5RTT).... 36 4.3 Modelado del TDAH en el Pez cebra (Danio rerio) ....... 37 4.3.1 Evaluación de la acción fármacos en el Pez cebra para explicar fenotipos del TDAH 37 4.3.2 Evaluación de isoflavonas en el Pez cebra para explicar para tratar la hiperactividad en el TDAH ......... 40 5. Discusión . 42 6. Conclusiones ...... 45 Referencias bibliográficas . 46spa
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dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, 2022spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/spa
dc.titlePez cebra (Danio rerio) y su aplicación como modelo de investigación para el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad TDAHspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameBacteriólogo(a) y Laboratorista Clínicospa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotaspa
dc.publisher.programBacteriología y Laboratorio Clínicospa
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dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)spa
dc.subject.lembSerotoninérgica y noradrenérgica
dc.subject.lembDopamina
dc.subject.lembEnsayos
dc.subject.proposalTDAHspa
dc.subject.proposalPez cebraspa
dc.subject.proposalHipótesis dopaminérgicaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85spa
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dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionspa
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbspa


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