Publicación: Identificación de poblaciones celulares asociadas a la supervivencia global en carcinoma escamocelular de cabeza y cuello mediante análisis de deconvolución de datos de rna-seq de cohortes públicas
| dc.contributor.advisor | Carvajal Veloza, Jonathan | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mora Quimbayo, Jonathan Andre | |
| dc.contributor.author | Sotomonte Ramírez, Valentina | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-09-17T23:57:06Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.description.abstract | El carcinoma escamocelular de cabeza y cuello es una de las neoplasias más frecuentes y agresivas del tracto aerodigestivo superior, caracterizado por una alta heterogeneidad que influye en la supervivencia de los pacientes. La interacción entre células tumorales, inmunitarias y estromales define el microambiente tumoral, representando un ecosistema altamente complejo y un desafío para su caracterización, dado que la señal transcriptómica total refleja la aportación variable de cada grupo celular. En este contexto, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar poblaciones celulares del microambiente tumoral asociadas a la supervivencia global a partir de datos transcriptómicos de una base de datos pública. Se procesaron datos de RNA-seq de la cohorte TCGA-HNSCC (520 muestras), aplicando filtros de calidad, eliminación de genes no expresados y duplicados, y transformación logarítmica, obteniendo una matriz final de 16.766 genes. Las proporciones celulares se estimaron mediante CIBERSORTx en 381 muestras significativas (p < 0.05), evidenciando predominio de células T CD4 memoria (18%) y macrófagos M0 (17%), con distintos patrones de infiltración inmune entre pacientes. Se construyó un modelo Random Survival Forest integrando proporciones celulares y variables clínicas en 381 pacientes (C-index OOB = 0.645). El puntaje de riesgo generado se asoció significativamente con la mortalidad (HR = 1.041; IC 95%: 1.034–1.048; p < 0.0001), con diferencias significativas en supervivencia global entre grupos. Las variables más relevantes fueron la edad, los macrófagos M0, el estadio patológico tumoral y el compromiso ganglionar. En conclusión, los resultados permiten evidenciar la relación entre la composición del microambiente tumoral y la supervivencia en pacientes con HNSCC, destacando el papel del componente mieloide, principalmente los macrófagos M0, como posibles factores pronósticos en esta neoplasia. | spa |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Pregrado | |
| dc.description.degreename | Bacteriólogo(a) y Laboratorista Clínico | |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | TABLA DE CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN 8 1. ANTECEDENTES 10 2. PROBLEMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 12 3. JUSTIFICACIÓN 12 4.1. Objetivo general 14 4.2 Objetivos específicos 14 4. MARCO REFERENCIAL 14 Carcinoma escamocelular en cáncer de cabeza y cuello 14 Definición y características principales 14 Epidemiología 15 Factores de riesgo 16 Heterogeneidad y microambiente tumoral 17 Papel del sistema inmune en el HNSCC 18 Biomarcadores inmunes 19 Transcriptómica y métodos de caracterización celular 20 Transcriptómica bulk vs. secuenciación de célula única 20 The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) como recurso para estudios del TME 21 Modelos algorítmicos para la predicción pronóstica 24 DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO 25 6.1 Universo 25 6.2 Población 26 6.3 Muestra 26 6.3.1 Criterios de inclusión 26 6.3.2 Criterios de exclusión 26 6.4 Hipótesis 27 6.5 Variables e indicadores 27 6.6 Técnica y procedimientos 28 6.6.1 Para dar cumplimiento el objetivo específico 1 29 6.6.2 Para dar cumplimiento el objetivo específico 2. 33 Estimación de subpoblaciones celulares mediante deconvolución transcriptómica 33 Ejecución de CIBERSORTx 33 Filtrado de resultados 34 Exploración de proporciones celulares 34 6.6.3 Para dar cumplimiento el objetivo específico 3 35 Variables incluidas en el modelo Entrenamiento del modelo Random Survival Forest Evaluación del modelo Importancia de variables Generación del risk score y estratificación de pacientes Evaluación del risk score como predictor continuo Análisis de supervivencia Kaplan-Meier 5. RESULTADOS 7.1 Control de calidad y Normalización de datos transcriptómicos 7.2 Caracterización del Microambiente tumoral mediante Deconvolución 7.2.1 Heterogeneidad tumoral y Caracterización fenotípica 7.2.3 Caracterización Transcriptómica del Microambiente de HNSCC 7.3 Modelo de Predicción de Supervivencia mediante Random Survival Forest (RSF) 7.3.1. Desempeño y Capacidad Predictiva del Modelo 7.3.2 Estratificación del riesgo y Curvas de Kaplan-Meier 36 36 37 37 38 38 38 39 39 41 41 43 44 44 45 7.3.3 Identificación de predictores Celulares y Clínicos de supervivencia Global en HNSCC 46 6. DISCUSIÓN Referencias bibliográficas 46 50 | spa |
| dc.format.extent | 59p. | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.universidadmayor.edu.co/handle/unicolmayor/7806 | |
| dc.language.iso | spa | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud | |
| dc.publisher.place | Bogota | |
| dc.publisher.program | Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico | |
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| dc.rights | Al consultar y hacer uso de este recurso, está aceptando las condiciones de uso establecidas por los autores. | |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject.proposal | Carcinoma escamocelular | |
| dc.subject.proposal | RNA-SEQ | |
| dc.subject.proposal | Poblaciones celulares | |
| dc.title | Identificación de poblaciones celulares asociadas a la supervivencia global en carcinoma escamocelular de cabeza y cuello mediante análisis de deconvolución de datos de rna-seq de cohortes públicas | spa |
| dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Pregrado | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | |
| dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |
| dc.type.content | Text | |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication |
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