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dc.contributor.advisorPosada Buitrago, Martha Lucía
dc.contributor.advisorVargas Duarte, Jimmy Jolman
dc.contributor.authorTorres Valderrama, Claudia Patricia
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-22T21:11:37Z
dc.date.available2024-05-22T21:11:37Z
dc.date.issued2022-02
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicolmayor.edu.co/handle/unicolmayor/6903
dc.description.abstractSon varios los factores que afectan la salud de las aves en la producción avícola, sin embargo, se ha dedicado poca atención a los artrópodos que pueden actuar como posibles vectores de enfermedad, siendo el actor principal Alphitobius diaperinus. En respuesta a esta problemática, de lo que representa este artrópodo en avicultura, se plantearon dos enfoques: el primero basado en metagenómica por secuenciación no dirigida o shotgun, en el que se secuenció todo el material genómico y se realizó el correspondiente análisis bioinformático, que permitió conocer la diversidad y la abundancia de las comunidades microbianas; y el segundo, la determinación de las especies con potencial biotecnológico y de los posibles genes de resistencia antimicrobianos en las especies con riesgo de patogenicidad identificadas en el estudio. Este trabajo amplía el conocimiento sobre la comunidad microbiana de A. diaperinus en relación a su potencial en bioprospección, plantear una alerta a la comunidad médica, y los avicultores de los riesgos por la posible transferencia de genes de resistencia a los antibióticos. Además se proponen recomendaciones a los avicultores en relación al biomanejo de este artrópodo.spa
dc.description.abstractThere are several factors that affect the health of birds in poultry production, however, little attention has been devoted to arthropods that can act as possible vectors of disease, the main actor being Alphitobius diaperinus. In response to this problem, of what this arthropod represents in poultry farming, two approaches were proposed: the first based on metagenomics by non- directed sequencing or shotgun, in which all the genomic material was sequenced and bioinformatic analysis was carried out, which allowed knowing the diversity and abundance of microbial communities; and the second, the determination of the species with biotechnological potential and the possible antimicrobial resistance genes in the species with risk of pathogenicity identified in the study. This work expands the knowledge about the microbial community of A. diaperinus in relation to its potential in bioprospecting, raising an alert to the medical community, and poultry farmers of the risks due to the possible transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. In addition, recommendations are proposed to poultry farmers in relation to the biomanagement of this arthropod.eng
dc.description.tableofcontentsContenido 1. Introducción 13 2. Objetivos 15 2.1 Objetivo general 15 2.2 Objetivos específicos 15 3. MARCO CONCEPTUAL Y GENERALIDADES 16 3.1 Alphitobius diaperinus 16 3.2 Diversidad del microbioma de los escarabajos 17 3.3 Alphitobius diaperinus como vector de enfermedades avícolas18 3.4 Vectores como portadores de bacterias y de genes de resistencia20 3.4.1 Genes de resistencia en pollos de engorde y su difusión en granjas avícolas21 3.4.2 Implicaciones de la resistencia antimicrobiana (AMR) en salud pública23 3.5 Metagenómica 26 3.6 ARG y metagenómica 31 3.7 Aplicación de metagenómica al estudio de artrópodos 31 4. DESARROLLO EXPERIMENTAL 33 4.1 MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS 33 4.1.1 Recolección y procesamiento de muestras de adultos del artrópodo Alphitobius diaperinus 34 4.1.2 Procesamiento de muestras de adultos del artrópodo Alphitobius diaperinus34 4.2 Extracción de ADN de las muestras de Alphitobius diaperinus 35 4.2.1 Maceración de las muestras en mortero con nitrógeno líquido 36 4.2.2 Verificación de calidad de ADN par secuenciación 37 4.3 Secuenciación de ADN 38 4.4 Análisis bioinformático 38 5. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 39 5.1 EXTRACCIÓN Y CUANTIFICACIÓN DE ADN DE Alphitobius diaperinus 5.2 Ensayo de PCR convencional 39 5.3 Resultados de la secuenciación y análisis 41 5.3.1 Análisis bioinformático42 5.4 Bacterias identificadas en el microbioma de adultos de Alphitobius diaperinus 44 5.4.1 Actinobacteria 51 5.4.2 Firmicutes 54 5.4.3 Proteobacterias 56 5.4.4 Bacteroidetes 59 5.4.5 Bacterias patógenas identificadas en adultos de A. diaperinus 60 5.5 Hongos identificados en adultos de A. diaperinus …72 5.5.1 Ascomycota73 5.5.2 Mucoromycota 76 5.6 Virus …78 5.7 Relación con otros estudios …79 6. Recomendaciones para futuros estudios 85 7. Conclusiones 87 8. Referencias Bibliográficas 89 Anexos 120spa
dc.format.extent130p.spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarcaspa
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, 2024spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/spa
dc.titleEstudio del microbioma de Alphitobius diaperinus recolectado en una granja avícola mediante una aproximación metagenómica.spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.contributor.corporatenameUniversidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarcaspa
dc.contributor.researchgroupCEPARIUMspa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Microbiologíaspa
dc.description.researchareaAgroambientalspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotá D.C., Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Microbiologíaspa
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dc.subject.proposalAlphitobius diaperinusspa
dc.subject.proposalMicrobioma de artrópodosspa
dc.subject.proposalBioprospecciónspa
dc.subject.proposalMetagenómicaspa
dc.subject.proposalGenes de resistenciaspa
dc.subject.proposalVector de ARGspa
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