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Determinación de mecanismos de acción de péptidos frente a bacterias: revisión del estado del arte de las metodologías empleadas

dc.contributor.advisorEstupiñán Torres, Sandra Mónica
dc.contributor.advisorRivera Monroy, Zuly Jenny
dc.contributor.advisorPineda Castañeda, Héctor Manuel
dc.contributor.authorDíaz Rodríguez, Karen Tatiana
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-19T14:04:40Z
dc.date.available2022-09-19T14:04:40Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicolmayor.edu.co/handle/unicolmayor/5671
dc.description.abstractEn la última década, se ha trabajado en el hallazgo de nuevas moléculas peptídicas con actividad antibacteriana frente a microorganismos de importancia clínica actual, como lo son aquellos del grupo ESKAPE (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Enterococcus spp.), causantes de enfermedades como la gastroenteritis, neumonía, endocarditis, infecciones intrahospitalarias e infecciones cutáneas. En esta revisión, se discute sobre los antecedentes, características y mecanismos de acción propuestos para los PAMs, por medio de una recopilación de diferentes artículos experimentales enfocados principalmente a las técnicas que han permitido la elucidación del mecanismo de acción, entre ellas se encuentran técnicas y ensayos como la microscopía de fluorescencia, microscopía electrónica, microscopía de fuerza atómica, ensayos moleculares e inmunoenzimáticos, entre otros. Estos ensayos han permitido avanzar en la comprensión e interpretación de la interacción de PAMs con los microorganismos lo que ayuda a diseñar mejoras en la estructura de los PAMs que puedan potenciar su actividad antibacteriana.spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsTABLA DE CONTENIDO Introducción 12 1. Antecedentes 15 2. Marco teórico 18 2.1 Diversidad de los PAMs 18 2.2 Características fisicoquímicas de los PAMs 19 2.2.1 Estructura 19 2.2.2 Relación estructura-actividad 21 2.3 PAMs en la clínica 23 2.4 Mecanismo de acción de los PAMs 28 2.4.1 Mecanismo membranolítico de los PAMs 29 2.4.2 Mecanismo no membranolítico de los PAMs 31 3. Diseño metodológico 32 3.1 Tipo de investigación 33 3.2 Universo, población y muestra 34 3.2.1 Universo 34 3.2.2 Población 34 3.2.3 Muestra 34 3.3 Criterios de inclusión 34 3.4 Criterios de exclusión 34 3.5 Pregunta de investigación 35 4. Metodología 35 4.1 Revisión bibliográfica 35 5. Resultados y discusión 35 5.1 Revisión bibliográfica 35 5.2 Metodologías usadas en la determinación de mecanismos de acción 37 5.2.1 Metodologías asociadas a membrana 37 5.2.1.1 Dinámica molecular (DM) 38 5.2.1.2 Espectroscopía de resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) 39 5.2.1.3 Microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM) 41 7 5.2.1.4 Microscopía confocal láser de barrido (CLSM) 43 5.2.1.5 Microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET) 45 5.2.1.6 Microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) 47 5.2.1.7 Microscopía de fluorescencia 49 5.2.1.8 Citometría de flujo 51 5.2.1.9 Tinción y liberación de colorantes 54 5.2.2 Metodologías asociadas a pared celular 56 5.2.3 Metodologías asociadas a blancos intracelulares 59 5.2.3.1 Inhibición de la replicación 60 5.2.3.1.1 Ensayo de desoxinucleotidil transferasa terminal (TUNEL) 60 5.2.3.1.2 Ensayo de retardo en gel 61 5.2.3.2 Inhibición de síntesis de proteínas 63 6. Conclusiones 65 7. Referencias 67 ANEXOS 75 Anexo 1. Diagrama de flujo de las metodologías a utilizar en la identificación del mecanismo de acción de péptidos con actividad antibacteriana. 75 Anexo 1.1. Metodologías utilizadas en la identificación de mecanismos de acción membranolíticos. 76 Anexo 1.2. Metodologías utilizadas en la identificación de mecanismos de acción sobre la pared bacteriana. 77 Anexo 1.3. Metodologías utilizadas en la identificación de mecanismos de acción intracelulares. 78 Anexo 2. Esquema de las metodologías utilizadas para la evaluación del mecanismo de acción en cada uno de los blancos bacterianos. 79eng
dc.format.extent79p.spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarcaspa
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, 2022spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/spa
dc.titleDeterminación de mecanismos de acción de péptidos frente a bacterias: revisión del estado del arte de las metodologías empleadasspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameBacteriólogo(a) y Laboratorista Clínicospa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias de la Saludspa
dc.publisher.placeBogotáspa
dc.publisher.programBacteriología y Laboratorio Clínicospa
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